1.1 Scope. The Zone system has wider use in the chemical and petrochemical industries. Examples are: In another blog we, will explain how to perform Hazardous Area Classification according to the Standard EN-IEC 60079-10-1. July 2022 Offshore Workshop Container HAZARDOUS VS. Equipment construction is such that it can withstand an internal explosion and provide relief of the external pressure via flamegap(s) such as the labyrinth created by threaded fittings or machined flanges. CLASSIFIED LOCATIONS: AREA CLASSIFICATION: AREA CLASSES: AREA GROUPS: LOCATION AS PER DIVISIONS: DIVISION 1 - Class I, Division 1 hazardous locations are defined (as per NEC code Article 500) as follows: DIVISION 2 - Class I Division 2 Locations are as follows: Area Classification by ZONES: DEFINITIONS: HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS: Explosions can cause significant damage along with severe injury or worse loss of life. August 2022 Informational Note: For further information regarding classification and ventilation of areas involving closed-circuit ammonia refrigeration systems, see ANSI/IIAR 2-2014. Hazardous Environment Classifications: NEC vs IEC, IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), Group E Metal dusts (eg. Equipment is placed into protection level categories according to manufacture method and suitability for different situations. Type of protection "n" -- This protection technique is permitted for equipment in the Class I, Zone 2 locations for which it is approved. of the autoignition temperature of the hazardous atmosphere. As world trade becomes more globalized, international standards are slowly converging, so that a wider range of acceptable techniques can be approved by national regulatory agencies. The design of the equipment must ensure protection, even in the event of rare incidents relating to the equipment. The last condition for an explosion is the presence of an effective ignition source in the direct contact with the fuel/air mixture. Equipment shall be marked to show the class, group, and operating temperature or temperature range, based on operation in a 40-degree C ambient, for which it is approved. Equipment can be designed or modified for safe operation in hazardous locations. 9: For additional information concerning the installation of, Informational Note No. Whenever you are filling up your tank you are standing in a Zone 1 hazardous area. Zone 1 . Zone 0Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors which are present continuously or for long periods of time. The term equipment is applied both for fixed equipment and mobile equipment that are operated in such area. Ex s is a coding referenced in IEC 60079-0. NFPA 70 NEC Articles 505 and 506 cover the requirements for the Americanized Zone classification system as an alternative to the Class and Division classification system. BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMBESS) A60 Zones 1 or 2. When equipment must be placed in a hazardous location, it can be designed to reduce the risk of fire or explosion. . Areas with possible fire or explosion risks due to explosive atmospheres and/or mixtures - are called hazardous (or classified) locations or areas. February 2023 (1) Zone 0. Analysers, motors, control boxes, computers, Any arcs or sparks in this equipment has insufficient energy (heat) to ignite a vapour. The prevention of explosions in working environments is in most countries regulated in national laws and directives. In order to understand hazardous area classification it is important to understand which factors contribute to the occurrence of an explosion. Methane has a UEL of 17 vol%, which means when the concentration of methane in air is above the 17 vol% an explosion cannot occur even when an ignition source is present. This leads to a lot of the confusion in the global marketplace because certifying equipment to these different systems can be time consuming and expensive, so many companies may only certify to one or the other. The substance referred to by classhas a low probability of producing an explosive or ignitable mixture and is present only during abnormal conditions for a short period of time - such as a container failure or system breakdown. There are three necessary components for an explosion to occur; This needs to be present in a relatively high quantity to produce an explosive mixture (e.g. We don't save this data. THE PRODUCTS YOU NEED, [4], Flammability of combustible liquids are defined by their flash-point. In Europe and the rest of the world - but also more and more in North America - the Zone system is used. Area which are not devided into Atex zones, are called non-hazardous area's. Class / Division System In Northerm America, instead of the zone classification system, the Class/Division system is used. March 2022 Flour, wood/sawdust, plastic dust), IIC Conductive dusts (eg. with hazardous areas EC-Type Examination Certificate BAS 01 ATEX 7251 , for additional certificates see www.pepperl-fuchs.com Group, category, type of protection II (1) G D [EEx ia] IIB (-20 C Ta 60 C) [circuit(s) in zone 0/1/2] Output EEx ia IIB Voltage U0 25.9 V Current I0 184 mA Power P0 1.2 W Type of protection [EEx ia] What are 'Dark Factories,' and Do They Really Exist? The International Electrotechnical Commission publishes the 60079 series of standards[2] which defines a system for classification of locations, as well as categorizing and testing of equipment designed for use in hazardous locations, known as "Ex equipment". February 2019 The first thing to understand is that much like the metric vs imperial measuring systems, the United States uses its own methodology which differs from much of the world. TLS OFFSHORE CONTAINER Equipment that is safe for the location shall be of a type and design that the employer demonstrates will provide protection from the hazards arising from the combustibility and flammability of vapors, liquids, gases, dusts, or fibers involved. Refer to Fig.3 which shows the hazardous area zone classification based on hazardous gas release grade. 0,1 or 2: II B: I: 1 or 2: C: Acetone Benzene Butane Hexane . Iso Container The conduit shall be made wrench tight to prevent sparking when fault current flows through the conduit system and to ensure the explosionproof or flameproof integrity of the conduit system where applicable. If equipment is marked, for example, Ex e II T4 then it is suitable for all subgroups IIA, IIB and IIC. Various regulations use terms such as class, division, zone, and group to differentiate the various hazards. August 2020 Zone 1 - Explosive atmospheres are likely to occur. Informational Note No. This level of risk is represented by classifying the hazardous area as Zone 0, Zone 1 or Zone 2 (for gas, vapour and mist atmospheres) or Zone 21 or Zone 22 for dust atmospheres. The a subdivisions have the most stringent safety requirements, taking into account more than one independent component faults simultaneously. No hidden fees. 29 CFR 1910.307 Hazardous (classified) Locations Which Standards to use for Hazardous Area Classification. NEGATIVE PRESSURE Zone 0 is an area in which an explosive atmosphere is present continuously for long periods of time or will frequently occur. For explosion hazards caused by flammable liquids or gases, the following zones are defined: So a zone 0 is the most hazardous zone and a zone 2 is a less hazardous zone. The required protection level is linked to the intended use in the zones described below: The equipment category indicates the level of protection offered by the equipment. Area's are divided into zones. The Zone Classification System is offered as an alternative to the Class and Division system. 14 4. Hazardous area classification is a rigorous method of determining where an explosive environment may be present. Container Standards Source: Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Mobile Offshore Units, Part 7, Safety Systems, Hazardous Areas and Fire, June 2013, Lloyd's Register, Global Standards. An area where combustible dusts or ignitable fibers and flyings are likely to occur under normal operating conditions. Container Test This value of this LOC differs per substance and depends also on the inert gas for achieving a low oxygen concentration. The types of protection are subdivided into several sub classes, linked to EPL: ma and mb, px, py and pz, ia, ib and ic. In Europe the ATEX 114 Directive (2014/34/EU) is applicable to equipment that is used in hazardous area's. 1910.307 - Hazardous (classified) locations. Comments. Ex Zone. Ignition sources can be divided in 13 categories (acc. December 2013, All Electrical equipment installation in atmosphere with flammable gases or vapors, flammable liquids, combustible dusts, ignitable fibers or flyings represents a risk for fire and explosion. Sources of Zone 22 Zone 21 Zone20 A hazardous atmosphere formed by dust cloud in air is not likely to occur in . As a guide for Zone 0, this can be defined as over 1,000 hours/year or >10% of the time. Equipment marked as suitable for Group IIC is also suitable for IIB and IIA. Table 1. November 2021 Electrical equipment installed in such locations can provide an ignition source, due to electrical arcing, or high temperatures. Zone defines thegeneral nature if it is a gas or dust and theprobabilityof hazardous material being present in an ignitable concentration in the surrounding atmosphere. This concentration is substance specific and lies normally somewhere between the LEL and UEL. Zone 1 an area in which an explosive gas-air mixture is likely to occur in normal operating conditions. And there are three corresponding zones for dust: Zone 20, Zone 21 and Zone 22. This process is called hazardous area classification. An oversimplification of this example is shown in Table 1. Specific types of protection being used will also be marked. *unless risk assessment states a higher or lower category is required. Wide known is that al electrical equipment within hazardous areas must be Ex certified for use in the appropriate hazardous area (zone or class/division). NFPA 70 NEC Articles 500 through 503 cover the requirements for electrical/electronic equipment and wiring for all voltages in Class I, Divisions 1 and 2; Class II, Divisions 1 and 2; and Class III, Divisions 1 and 2 locations. gas, vapours, mists and dusts). A potential few examples of this are: The air space inside a tank of petrol the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 70, National Electric Code(NEC). Where pyrophoric materials are the only materials used or handled, these locations need not be classified. The process of determining the type and size of hazardous locations is called classification. ethanol, methane or hydrogen. How to perform Hazardous Area Classification? There are two systems in place, including the traditional North American Division system as well as the alternative Zone system. This can be achieved by blanketing with nitrogen or carbondioxide. NEW METHODS FOR HAZARDOUS AREA CLASSIFICATION FOR EXPLOSIVE GAS . August 2018 The Zone system is based on Article 505/506 of the National Electrical Code (NEC) and follows the international method of area classification as developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). API 500/505 mostly for onshore and offshore oil and gas applications. Beside sufficient fuel, also sufficient oxygen is needed for combustion of the mixture. But beside electrical equipment also mechanical equipment must be Ex certified, e.g. In Europe the label must show the CE mark and the code number of the certifying/notified body). FEA This temperature is used for classification for industry and technology applications.[6]. Well recognized and clear IEC Standard IEC 60079-10-2:2015 Hazardous Area Classification for explosive dusts Significant influence on spending's for safety . Feedback From Clients It may exist because of repair, maintenance operations, or leakage. The four steps involved in hazardous area classification are: Determine the type of hazard or "class" that might be presentcombustible gas (Class I), combustible dust (Class II), or fibers (Class III). API RP 505, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 (as incorporated by reference in 250.198). The Class/Division/Group system is based on Article 500 of the National Electrical Code (NEC) where. A more quantitative method is described in IEC 60079-10-1 but also more sophisticated numeric mathematical models can be used like Computational Fluid Dynamics. Group defines the type of the hazardous material in the surrounding atmosphere. Not only are hazardous areas classified by Class (nature of the hazardous material,) and Division . Atmosphere containing a flammable gas, a flammable liquid produced vapor or a combustible liquid-produced vapor whose MESG is greater than 0.75 mm or MIC ratio is greater than 0.40 and less than 0.80 - such as carbon monoxide, ether, hydrogen sulfide, morphline, cyclopropane, ethyl, isoprene, acetaldhyde and ethylene or gases of equivalent hazard. Oxygen is required in high quantities and in combination with the flammable substance to produce an explosive atmosphere. Accommodation Cabin A: When comparing Divisions and Zones, Division 2 is equivalent to Zone 2, but Division 1 is equivalent to either Zone 0 or 1. Classification of Hazardous Areas 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 T1 >450C T2 >300C 450C T3 >200C 300C T4 >135C 200C . No. Electrical equipment can and does cause fires and/or explosions in certain atmospheres. This classification method provides a description of the hazardous material that may be present, and the probability that it is present, so that the appropriate equipment may be selected, and safe installation practices followed. The overpressure is monitored, maintained and controlled. |MWD/LWD Cabin Raytec do not currently offer any lighting solutions for Zone 0. Safety is ensured in the event of frequently occurring disturbances or equipment faults which normally have to be taken into account. 1.1.1 This recommended practice applies to those locations where flammable gases or vapors, flammable liquids, or combustible liquids are processed or handled; and where their release into the atmosphere could result in their ignition by electrical systems or equipment. As a guide for Zone 0, this can be defined as over 1000 hours/year or >10% of the time. Equipment is non-incendive or non-sparking. The temperature classification on the electrical equipment label will be one of the following (in degree Celsius): The above table shows that the surface temperature of a piece of electrical equipment with a temperature classification of T3 will not rise above 200C. The Zone system has three levels of hazard for gas or dust where the Division system has two. (equivalent to NEC Class I, Groups A and B), (equivalent to NEC Class II, Groups F and G), Group IIC is the most severe zone system gas group. . EN 16985 concerning spray cabins and powder coating cabins, EN 12779 related to extraction systems for hot sawdust and chips, EN 60079-10 series, 2020 version for gas and dust explosion hazard, NPR 7910 series for gas and dust explosion hazard based on EN 60079-10-1, 2015 version, EN 13617 for fuel dispensers at filling stations. March 2021 . RP 505 is referred to as the zone system. Flour, wood/sawdust, plastic dust). Area's are divided into zones. Zone 1 is an area in which an explosive atmosphere is likely to occur occasionally in normal operation. Category 1 equipment may be used in zone 0, zone 1 or zone 2 areas. A: Yes. Zone type (0/1/2/ 20/21/ 22) Zone extent. [12], International Electrotechnical Commission, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, National Electrical Manufacturers Association, "Hazardous Area Classification and Control of Ignition Sources", "Hazardous (Classified) Locations NEC Articles 500 through 517", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electrical_equipment_in_hazardous_areas&oldid=1134828101, ignitable concentrations of combustible dust can exist, under normal conditions, ignitable concentrations of combustible dust are unlikely to exist normally, ignitable fibers, or materials producing combustible flyings, are handled, manufactured or used, easily ignitable fibers are stored or handled. Atmospheres containing propane, acetone, benzene, butane, methane, petrol, hexane, paint solvents or gases and vapors of equivalent hazard. Equipment that the employer demonstrates will provide protection from the hazards arising from the flammability of the gas or vapor and the zone of location involved and will be recognized as providing such protection by employees need not be marked. For example, within the U.K. in the Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations 2002 (DSEAR) and in the U.S. in the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA). [1] NEC article 500 describes the NEC Division classification system, while articles 505 and 506 describe the NEC Zone classification system. Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors which are likely to occur under normal operating conditions. Within a working area or installation an ignition can be created by many factors. But first, we must consider what is likely to cause an explosion in the first place. Equipment of the nonheat-producing type, such as junction boxes, conduit, and fittings, and equipment of the heat-producing type having a maximum temperature not more than 100 C (212 F) need not have a marked operating temperature or temperature range; Electric equipment suitable for ambient temperatures exceeding 40 C (104 F) shall be marked with both the maximum ambient temperature and the operating temperature or temperature range at that ambient temperature; and. The zone classification for gases is divided into three zones, namely Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2 and for dusts Zone 20, Zone 21 and Zone 22. A Zone 1 hazardous area is classified as a place in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air or flammable substances in the form of gas, vapour or mist is likely to occur in normal operation occasionally. ADNOC The flash-point is the temperature at which the material will generate sufficient quantity of vapor to form an ignitable mixture. So, it is good to know that when a flammable substance concentration exceeds the LEL, it will not automatically lead to an explosion with the highest Pmax. There are several ways of how to perform hazardous area classification, all described in several standards or codes of practise. December 2020 1: For examples of area classification drawings, see ANSI/API RP 505-2018, Informational Note No. Division 2 is equivalent to Zone 2, while Division 1 is either Zone 0 or 1. Copryright 2023 Springer Controls Company . Class II combustible dusts are grouped into one of three (3) groups: E combustible metal dusts, F combustible carbonaceous dusts or G other combustible dusts. What is an Explosion Protection Document? Determining the Class, Division and Group or Zone and Group is critical to correctly applying the requirements for a given hazardous location. April 2022 Area Classification. Explosion protection must be ensured during normal operation. Horizontal. 15 4. Category 3 equipment may only be used in zone 2 areas. No representation is made that the information or references are complete or remain current. June 2022 July 2021 The information contained in this article is intended for general information purposes only and is based on information available as of the initial date of publication. Within the European Union, these are defined by IEC/EN standards (IEC/EN 60079-10-1 or 2) as directed by ATEX. Atmospheres containing non-conductive dust. If you require more information on the different variants in the SPARTAN range, or you would like to discuss your application in more detail, you can call us on +44 (0) 1670 520055 or send an email to sales@raytecled.comwhere we will happily answer any questions you have. Only emails and answers are saved in our archive. Google use cookies for serving our ads and handling visitor statistics. These generally give rise to areas classied as Zones 0, 1, and 2 respectively. Some manufacturers claim "suitability" or "built-to" hazardous areas in their technical literature, but in effect lack the testing agency's certification and thus unacceptable for the AHJ (Authority Having Jurisdiction) to permit operation of the electrical installation/system. November 2022 Non-hazardous or ordinary locations. The specific hazardous materials within each group and their automatic ignition temperatures can be found in Article 500 of the National Electrical Code and in NFPA 497. Magnesium, Titanium), IIB Nonconductive dusts (eg. Encapsulation "m" -- This protection technique is permitted for equipment in the Class I, Zone 1 locations for which it is approved. A Zone 0 location is a location in which one of the following . Note to paragraph (g)(4) of this section: Low ambient conditions require special consideration. of Zones also have the added benefit of including the area classification with the zone description. The following content is only related to flammable substances and not to pyrotechnic substances or other instable substances, among those who can decompose. Electronic equipment, including lighting, needs to be purpose designed for use in hazardous areas to prevent a spark occurring and igniting any flammable substances. These areas only become hazardous in case of an accident or some unusual operating condition. September 2019 In Northerm America, instead of the zone classification system, the Class/Division system is used. The use of EPL and ATEX Category directly is an alternative for "s" marking. Equipment provided with threaded entries for field wiring connection shall be installed in accordance with paragraph (g)(2)(iv)(A) or (g)(2)(iv)(B) of this section. Identifying Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Hazardous Areas. 7: For further information on application of electrical, Informational Note No. In the United States, the NEC uses 2 different classifications: Class I hazardous locations are identified by zones as follows: * Zone 0 a location in which explosive gas atmospheres are present continuously or for long periods of time. The NEC Zone system was created to harmonize with IEC classification system, and therefore reduce the complexity of management. September 2022 . The hazardous area classification system determines required protection techniques and methods for electrical installations in the location. An old British standard used letters to designate zones. Increased safety "e" -- This protection technique is permitted for equipment in the Class I, Zone 1 locations for which it is approved. Ex LIGHTER-THAN-AIR GASES & VAPOURS Vapour density of 0.75 is considered as the boundary between lighter and heavier gases / vapours as a safety measure HA of a leak source located in air Source of hazard 4.5 m. 8.0 m R 4.5 m H Directly adjacent on the label one will find the mark of the listing agency. The IEC standard EN 60079-33 is made public and is expected to become effective soon, so that the normal Ex certification will also be possible for Ex-s, Zone depending upon manufacturer's certification, explosive atmosphere between 10 and 1000 hrs/yr, explosive atmosphere between 1 and 10 hrs/yr, explosive surface between 10 and 1000 hrs/yr, explosive surface between 1 and 10 hrs/yr, Certified and labeled for use in indoor locations rated NEC Class I, Groups A, B, C, and D, Certified and labeled for use in locations rated NEC Class I, Groups A, B, C, and D; both indoors and outdoors, Certified and labeled for use in locations rated NEC Class II, Groups E, F, or G, Explosion protected, Group 2, Category 1, Gas, Type ia, Group 2C gases, Temperature class 4, Type n, non-sparking, Group 2 gases, Temperature class 3, special conditions apply. Zone 0 Zone 1 Zone 2 Fluid Occurrence of explosive atmosphere Gas mixtures Dust mixtures Not likely to occur or only for short period Zone 2 Zone 22 . This level of risk is represented by classifying the hazardous area as Zone 0, Zone 1 or Zone 2 (for gas, vapour and mist atmospheres) or Zone 21 or Zone 22 for dust atmospheres. As to the classification, they are the same. If you want to promote your products or services in the Engineering ToolBox - please use Google Adwords. Fundamentally, for an explosion to take place, flammable or explosive gases, vapours, mists or dusts will be present. Some of our calculators and applications let you save application data to your local computer. Gases, Vapors and Mists. Article 505 National Electrical Code (NEC), Article 506 National Electrical Code (NEC). In recent years also the EPL is specified for several kinds of protection. However, at low ambient temperatures, flammable concentrations of vapors may not exist in a location classified Class I, Zone 0, 1, or 2 at normal ambient temperature. Temporary Refuge (TR) Shelter Table 1. Also known as non-hazardous or ordinary locations, these locations are determined to be neither Class I, Division 1 or Division 2; Zone 0, Zone 1 or Zone 2; or any combination thereof. Many items of EEx rated equipment will employ more than one method of protection in different components of the apparatus. Q: Are Divisions and Zones equivalent to one another? Offshore Living Quarter 4: For further information on protection against static electricity and lightning hazards in hazardous (classified). The IEC 60079 standard set has been adapted for use in Australia and New Zealand and is published as the AS/NZS 60079 standard set. The inductance of the signal bell coils, combined with breaking of contacts by exposed metal surfaces, resulted in sparks, causing an explosion. Zone 1 2. Zone 1 if gas group & temp. Zone 2 - Explosive atmospheres are unlikely to occur or present only infrequently and for a short period only. Hazardous Areas - North America Classification, international method of area classification, Protection Techniques for Hazardous Areas - North America, Hazardous because combustible or conductive, Atmosphere containing combustible metal dusts, including.
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