Russian has 85% intelligibility of Rusyn, 74% of oral Belorussian and 85% of written Belorussian, 60% of Balachka, 50% of oral Ukrainian and 85% of written Ukrainian, 36% of oral Bulgarian and 80% of written Bulgarian, 38% of Polish, 30% of Slovak and oral Montenegrin and 50% of written Montenegrin, 12% of oral Serbo-Croatian, 25% of written Serbo-Croatian, and 10% of Czech. Save. Problem is the spoken form, as Bulgarians dont speak as it is written, which is the case with serbian or croatian. Polish and Russian while Slavic sounding to my ear and is maybe 5%-15% intelligible . 15), Part II", "Intelligibility of standard German and Low German to speakers of Dutch", "Cross-Border Intelligibility on the Intelligibility of Low German among Speakers of Danish and Dutch", "Mutual intelligibility of Dutch-German cognates by humans and computers", "Morpho-syntax of mutual intelligibility in the Turkic languages of Central Asia - Surrey Morphology Group", "Kirundi language, alphabet and pronunciation", "Tokelauan Language Information & Resources", "Majlis Bahasa Brunei Darussalam Indonesia Malaysia (MABBIM)", "Indonesian-Malay mutual intelligibility? 5. Portuguese also has a high degree of mutual intelligibility with Spanish. Rural variations are usually less mutually intelligible. What Are Mutually Intelligible Languages? Ability of speakers of two language varieties to understand the other, As a criterion for identifying separate languages, List of languages sometimes considered varieties, List of dialects or varieties sometimes considered separate languages, Alexander M. Schenker. I also understand more of other Slavic languages then neotokavian speakers do. The Chinese language, on the other hand, is comprised of a number of dialects that arent always mutually intelligible. I could try. Furthermore, there is a dialect continuum between Kajkavian and Chakavian as there is between Kajkavian and Slovenian, and lects with a dialect continuum between them are always separate languages. On the other hand, it can be difficult for Russians to understand Ukrainian (though it is easy for them to learn it). Or when I heard the word pobrzajte (hurry up (plural)) it was very interesting to me. Macedonian and Bulgarian would be much closer together except that in recent years, Macedonian has been heavily influenced by Serbo-Croatian, and Bulgarian has been heavily influenced by Russian. Standard Czech and standard Slovak is almost totally intelligible (I would say about 90%) only very few words are of different origin. I would be able to translate what he says! Mutual Intelligibility of Languages in the Slavic Family - Academia.edu Spanish is also partially mutually intelligible with Italian, Sardinian and French, with respective lexical similarities of 82%, 76% and 75%. From some reason, the Hutsul, Lemko, andBoiko dialects of the Rusyn language are much more comprehensible to Russians than Standard Ukrainian is. A number of native speakers of various Slavic lects were interviewed about mutual intelligibility, language/dialect confusion, the state of their language, its history and so on. In fact, people in the north of Poland regard Silesian as incomprehensible. When Kievan Rus' fell to the Mongols in the 13th century, the formerly united states became split, and what were once very closely-related dialects began to . Is there any way you could give me percentage figures for these observations of your wifes? Mutually Intelligible And Different. Therefore . Its often said that Czechs and Poles can understand each other, but this is not so. Masovian, which is spoken throughout the central and eastern regions of Poland. I must confess that as a Czech, I understand only little, what the Macedonian reporter is saying, and when I was listening to the first guy from Bosnia (Izetbegovi), I was often lost, understanding only slightly more, maybe 20-30%. This understanding can be in spoken or written communication. For example, the varieties of Chinese are often considered a single language even though there is usually no mutual intelligibility between geographically separated varieties. Yes of course. In the army, fairly precise understanding of the meaning of the commands is required and it worked, without any formal language training. Serbs until recently where still self titled Yugoslavs. My parents (and naturally me when I was child) make a lot of mistakes in the word cases and it means that they are (for the speakers from more west Serbian and also Croatian region) the lower social group, that they are not educated enough or that they are unread, and why dont Macedonians in their native language too, especially in ex Yugoslavia. A different dialect is spoken in each town. Russian is actually a little further, but most Belarusian speakers are bilingual (Bel-Rus) and most Ukrainian . Serbo-Croatian has only 20% intelligibility of Ukrainian. Understanding the connection between mutually intelligible languages, can make it easier to learn an additional language. It is no surprise that Ukrainian (and to a smaller extent) Belarusian have tons of Polish words, and are therefore more lexically similar to Polish than to Russian. Balgarskijat ezik e pluricentrien ezik ima njakolko kniovni normi. For instance, West Palesian is a transitional Belarussian dialect to Ukrainian. Many Turkic languages are mutually intelligible to a higher or lower degree, but thorough empirical research is needed to establish the exact levels and patterns of mutual intelligibility between the languages of this linguistic family. Zona Zamfirova is the movie in a Serbian dialect, but I dont understand it as same as I dont understand Macedonian or even more so, that is more like Bulgarian with the hard vowels. German is partially mutually intelligible with Yiddish and Dutch. While Norway was under Danish rule, the Bokml written standard of Norwegian developed from Dano-Norwegian, a koin language that evolved among the urban elite in Norwegian cities during the later years of the union. Pei Mario (1949). If we consider that syntax/lexics is the heart of language, than Serbian and Macedonian are the same language. OMG! If one takes the transitional dialects which make a triangle between Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian, one can say that it is also one language. A lect called iarija Slovenian is spoken on the Istrian Peninsula in Slovenia just north of Croatia. Writing in Chakavian started very early in the Middle Ages and began to slow down in the 1500s when writing in Kajkavian began to rise. In Ukrainian, one might say "I am waiting for you" ; however, there is no need for a conjunction in . Slobozhan Russian can also be called Kuban Russian or Balachka. In writing, German is also somewhat mutually intelligible with Dutch. There are some words that we don't understand, but in general, these languages are much closer to each other than the pairs Russian-Ukrainian and Russian-Belarusian. No idea, but if they are fairly intelligent as she sounds like she is, you might be shocked at how she might be able to rattle off some estimated figures like that. Its vocabulary and grammar has enough similarities for Poles, Ukrainians and Belarusians to understand each other well, whereas Russians understand only will recognise separate words. Torlakian (considered a subdialect of Serbian Old Shtokavian by some) has significant mutual intelligibility with Macedonian and Bulgarian. It is difficult to get a high-paying job that requires skill and . Are Polish and Ukrainian mutually intelligible? Croatian-Shtokavian is only a dialect of Serbian language. So if you believe the fantastic conspiracy theory that 19 hijackers some have been discovered to be still alive were able to hijack 4 commercial planes for hours uninterrupted armed only with boxcutters and crash them into US largest and with the Pentagon most well guarded which has its own missile defence and radar system buildings on US? If you think this website is valuable to you, please consider a contribution to support the continuation of the site. Hello everyone, Mitja Slane on Twitter: "@NOELreports How do they speak? Ukrainian is Slovenian: 20% This has, however, more to do with the new Ukrainian norm. My guest from Ukraine will have to guess 6 animals that I'll describe to her in Polish. I also recognize a Macedonian who speaks Serbian by the vowel e, and their sound of () is much softer than Serbian one, something between Serbian and or even as same as . I think this is very difficult for Macedonians to distinguish this two consonants and pronounce them correctly. The only (still rather minor) problem that I had with this text was the part Nared s osnovnata, izpolzovana v Balgarija (Together with the basic norm used in Bulgaria), because I could not understand Nared s osnovnata. Intelligibility in the Slavic languages of the Balkans is much exaggerated. Slovenians, Macedonians and Bulgars used to be one nation called Sklaveni and they were living in the south Hungary. However, a Croatian linguist has helped me write part of the Croatian section, and he felt that at least that part of the paper was accurate. The literary language itself is no longer written, but works written in it are still used in public for instance in dramas and church masses (Jembrigh 2014). In brief, there is some mutual intelligibility, enough to have a simple conversation of the 'me Tarzan - you Jane' type, speakin. Price, Glanville (1971), French Language: Present and Past, Jameson Books, Pope, Mildred K. From Latin to French, with Especial Consideration of Anglo-Norman. People observing conversation between Cieszyn Silesian and Upper Silesian report that they have a hard time understanding each other. In other respects I am happy to say I manage to keep my identity clear of any overt nationalist definitions How to explain that? Are belarusian and russian mutually intelligible? We hate SPAM and promise to keep your email address safe. When you find out it is a separate language, you ask for %, and they often tell you! I was born in Upper State and I can barely understand some southern speakers.Do you think the politics in USA is also preventing the formation of new languages ? While common speech from urban areas arent always mutually intelligible across regions, speakers from these regions can often use a more formal form of Arabic to speak with each other. Balgarski is balgarskijat, grupa is grupata, oficialni is oficijalnijat etc. Lach is a Czech-Polish transitional lect with a close relationship with Cieszyn Silesian. For example, those who learn Ukrainian will eventually know 70% of Polish lexicon and a . Polish Ukrainian Mutually Intelligible? Languages Comparison To some extent, Russian, Rusyn, Ukrainian, and Belarusian retain a degree of mutual intelligibility. The problem is that most linguists are not interested in scientific intelligibility testing of language pairs. So, when you're learning the Polish alphabet, all you have to pay attention to are the special accents and the pronunciation. But then the second older guy from Bosnia (Filipovi) appeared on the screen and wow! Their mutual intelligibility varies greatly, between the dialects themselves, with Shtokavian, and with other languages. Intelligibility between Balachka and Ukrainian is not known. I tested this on my wife by showing her news clips on Youtube. [5][6] In a similar vein, some claim that mutual intelligibility is, ideally at least, the primary criterion separating languages from dialects.[7]. Ukrainian and Russian only have 60% lexical similarity. Additionally, some Arabic speakers may be familiar with Egyptian Arabic through the media, so they may rely on this to bridge any language gaps. IOW, I think there are two languages Czech and Slovak and I do not agree that they are the same language with two dialects. Chakavian has 82% intelligibility of Kajkavian. This makes Polish a much much easier language to learn than Russian. Usually, they can even write their theses in Slovak. Burgenland Croatian, spoken in Austria, is intelligible to Croatian speakers in Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary, but it has poor intelligibility with the Croatian spoken in Croatia. I dismiss some of the wilder conspiracy stuff out of hand. (I will come to Bulgarian too). Russian has a decent intelligibility with Bulgarian, possibly on the order of 50%, but Bulgarian intelligibility of Russian seems lower. It is best seen as a Ukrainian dialect spoken in Russia specifically, it is markedly similar to the Poltavian dialect of Ukrainian spoken in Poltava in Central Ukraine. It is important to note that the idea of this paper was try to test "pure inherent intelligibility." A pure inherent intelligibility test would involve a couple of things. What Are Mutually Intelligible Languages? Because so many Slavic languages are national languages, they tend to have pretty big populations. Intelligibility among languages can vary between individuals or groups within a language population according to their knowledge of various registers and vocabulary in their own language, their exposure to additional related languages, their interest in or familiarity with other cultures, the domain of discussion, psycho-cognitive traits, the mode of language used (written vs. oral), and other factors. How is it possible if they speak the same language? When I was first exposed to spoken BCS, the most significant issue was their prosody, because the vocabulary and the grammar presented very little difficulty for me as a Ukrainian/Russian bilingual. some things in this article are heavily exaggerated. Many Poles insist that Silesian is a Polish dialect, but this is based more on politics than reality. demonstratives (tk~ovd vs. tuka~ovde, tamo vs. tamu) and some elementary adverbs (sg vs. sega now; jutre vs. utre tomorrow; dns(ke) ~ deneska today, fera vs. vera yesterday) are fairly similar; Ni Torlak uses multiple sets of demonstratives as its 3rd person pronouns (toj/ta/to/ti/te/ta, onj/on/on/on/on/on, ovj/ov/ov/ov/ov/ov, in descending order of frequency) as opposed to Serbians almost exclusive use of on/ona/ono/oni/one/ona and standard Macedonians use of toj/taa/toa/tie Russian has high intelligibility of Belarussian, on the order of 75%. How do they arrive at these estimates? Or they will say, Well, that is about 70% our language. If it is a dialect, they will say, That is really still our language. It is quite true that Macedonian speakers (even today) are switching to Serbian (although there is a resistence among some speakers of Macdonian) on informal situations. Russian on the other hand uses the Cyrillic alphabet. There is a group of Bulgarians living in Serbia in the areas of Bosilegrad and Dimitrovgrad who speak a Bulgarian-Serbian transitional dialect, and Serbs are able to understand these Bulgarians well. FluentU brings a language to life with real-world videos. > Much of the claimed intelligibility was simply bilingual learning. (j/k) Thank you very much for this. Get 70% off + 10 languages + 14 day free trial. 8. However, the Torlak Serbians can understand Macedonian well, as this is a Serbo-Croatian dialect transitional to both languages. There is as much Czech literature and media as Slovak literature and media in Slovakia, and many Slovaks study at Czech universities. 0%. Not true about Czech / Slovak inteligibility. You are probably talking about the study Mutual intelligibility between West and South Slavic languages? The Serbo-Croatian vocabulary in both Macedonian and Torlakian is very similar, stemming from the political changes of 1912; whereas these words have changed more in Bulgarian. [1] Advanced speakers of a second language typically aim for intelligibility, especially in situations where they work in their second language and the necessity of being understood is high. In its written form Bulgarian is even more different than in its spoken form. But, as the goal of the OP was to debunk the myth that says every slavic speaker can understand each other, he is quite right on that. This is a Chakavian-Slovenian transitional lect that is hard to categorize, but it is usually considered to be a Slovenian dialect. This is simply not the case. But thats politics for you. Ive been following this page and kept coming to it for the past months, actually more than a year (and have noticed some updates). Mi povidamo Horvatski jazik means We speak croatian language in akavian. 1. Much like Nordic languages. Mutual intelligibility between West and South Slavic languages Jembrigh, Mario. When I visited Bulgaria I tried to communicate in Serbian language with the Bulgars. Nevertheless, writing continues in various Kajkavian dialects which still retain some connection to the old literary language, although some of the lexicon and grammar are going out (Jembrigh 2014). Femke Swarte studied the mutual intelligibility of twenty Germanic language combinations. An example of equal treatment of Malaysian and Indonesian: the, List of dialects or varieties sometimes considered separate languages, List of languages sometimes considered varieties, North Germanic languages Mutual intelligibility, Learn how and when to remove this template message, considered separate languages only for political reasons, "Listening instruction and patient safety: Exploring medical English as a lingua franca (MELF) for nursing education", "The Contribution of Linguistic Factors to the Intelligibility of Closely Related Languages", "Taking taxonomy seriously in linguistics: Intelligibility as a criterion of demarcation between languages and dialects", "uvalar: The Internal Classification & Migration of Turkic Languages", "Mutual Comprehensibility of Written Afrikaans and Dutch: Symmetrical or Asymmetrical? Bulgarian lexics does not seem to be familiar to Macedonians, what shows that Macedonian has been for too much time separated from the contact with Bulgarian which made Bulgarian unknown for Macedonian ear. akavian is full of romanisms, kajkavian of germanisms and tokavian of turkish and other orientalisms. Having lived in Moscow and being married to a Russian, I now speak Russian well enough to be mistaken for a Russian-speaking tourist from Poland or Lithuania when in Moscow. He said he is frequent visitor in Poland and therefore he speaks Polish. Sledva da se otbelei, e tova delene e uslovno i imenata ne otrazjavat razlini ezici, a samo periodi v razvitieto na balgarskija ezik, za koito se otkrivat charakterni belezi. I can read and understand a lot of Bulgarian in written form, its basically old slavic , many such words are simply obsolete or archaic in modern serbian, but i do get the gist of any written article. It was formerly thought to be a Slovenian dialect, but some now think it is more properly a Kajkavian dialect. Most people in the region speak Russian with a few Ukrainian words. Ukrainian 15 % spoken, 25 % written How similar actually are Ukrainian and Polish? (Belarusian too) In essence, such kinds of bilingualism also improve understanding of other, unrelated Slavic languages, since two Slavic languages fill in the comprehension gaps. General. Dont let the past politics fool you. If you choose to study a language thats mutually intelligible with one you already know, chances are youll have to put a lot less work in than if you were learning a language from scratch. Far Northeastern Slovak (Saris Slovak) near the Polish border is close to Polish and Ukrainian. Are belarusian and russian mutually intelligible? - AskingForAnswer Also cyrillic in Macedonian is almost as same as Serbian, but many Croats dont know or dont want to know cyrillic, and that makes Macedonian more different to them than to Serbs. Molise Croatian is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. Page 183 section 481. @jacobbauthumley For me having learnt some Slavic languages and watching Bulgarian TV was not very difficult. The claim for separate languages is based more on politics than on linguistic science. Because they use different alphabets, German and Yiddish are only mutually intelligible when spoken. Yes you can. mutuamente compreensvel - Traduo em ingls - exemplos portugus Is Russian and Polish Mutually Intelligible? Conclusion: They are native Kajkavian speakers and this is another proof that Kajkavian is actually Slovenian. "The Linguistic Innovation Emerging From Rohingya Refugees." adrian. The latter is heavily mixed with Shtokavian. Im Czech . In the present study we tested the level of mutual intelligibility between three West Slavic (Czech, Slovak and Polish) and three South Slavic languages (Croatian, Slovene and Bulgarian). Macedonian and Bulgarian are fairly similar but they are not close to being fully mutually intelligible. French has a reasonable degree of lexical similarity with Italian,Sardinian, Romansh, Portuguese, Romanian and Spanish, making it partially mutually intelligible with these languages. My email is on the Contact page. There are some dialects around Buzet that seem to be the remains of old Kajkavian-Chakavian transitional dialects (Jembrigh 2014). Bulgarian more comprehensible than standard Ukrainian. ENGLISH: Bulgarian language is an Indo-European language from the group of South-Slavic languages. Are ukrainian and russian mutually understandable? A western Slovak can even understand most of Ruthenians hen they are speaking. In this case, another criteria I would also consider is how hard or easy it is for a Serb to start understanding Macedonian. Some islanders go even further than that and don`t consider themselves ethnic Croats. Polish, Ukrainian and even Serbo-Croatian dialects are less so, especially in the light of their geographical spread . Your email address will not be published. I speak tokavski croatian (and can read and understand serbian (both cyrillic and latin) and can adapt my croatian to be more serbian grammatically and with vocabulary) and just recently I had a conversation where I spoke croatian and the other person spoke polish. But they are unaware of the fact that islander have a lot of latin but also old Croatian (Slavic) words instead of Turkish which are used by supossedly more Croatian tokavian speaker. Yet there is a dialect continuum between Slovenian and Kajkavian. Differences Between Czech Slovak And Polish: Easy Guide Usually, theyre at least partially mutually intelligible with the main language they stem from. Regarding Russian/Ukrainian mutual intelligebility: most people who lived in Ukraine during the Soviet era and return there today say that modern Ukrainian differs greatly from the one spoken during Soviet times. General Musharraf says that Sheikh, who orchestrated the abduction, was recruited by MI6 while he was studying at the London School of Economics and sent to the Balkans to take part in jihad operations there. Bashkirs - Russia's Periphery
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